The biosphere is one of the main spheres of planet Earth (others being the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere). The biosphere consists of all the life forms on Earth, like plants, animals, and human beings. A number of human activities influence the biosphere. Some examples are hunting, deforestation, pollution, and agriculture. Hunting reduces numbers of animals and directly affects the populations of other species. This influences the population dynamics of not only the target species, but also all the other species that are within the same food web. Deforestation causes a loss of habitat and promotes soil degradation. Pollution, whether of water bodies, air or land, affects life-forms adversely. For example, industrial discharge of toxic chemicals in rivers negatively affects the river's inhabitants. Modern agriculture is based on the use of pesticides, insecticides, and fertilizers. Many of these chemicals find their way into water bodies and affect the biosphere.
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