Since we are running out of fossil fuels (in addition to the fact that their combustion generates greenhouse gases and are potentially responsible for global warming), renewable resources are the future and are the best energy source. There are a number of options among renewable sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal, wave, etc. However, I will discuss nuclear power first, which is a non-renewable and alternate source of energy.
Nuclear energy provides a very high energy yield as compared to other energy resources. However, the technology is limited to only a few countries and the potential of the use of such energy plants for the creation of weaponry is too high. Waste disposal from nuclear fission based plants is another issue, as they create large amounts of radioactive waste. Thus, I do not personally think nuclear energy is a viable energy option for the world.
Among the renewable energy options, solar holds the most promise. The technology can be easily transferred to countries who do not have it. Sunlight is pretty much available everywhere and we have the option of a centralized or decentralized facility. This means that everyone can have their own solar cells (and electricity production) or we can be connected to the central grid. Solar cells have a very long life and sunlight is abundant in many places.
Thus, I believe solar energy holds the most promise for our future and is the best available energy source.
Hope this helps.
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