To simplify , first simplify the fraction in parenthesis,
. We can simplify the numerical part by dividing both numerator and denominator by the common factor of 2:
.
The rest can be simplified by using the rules of exponents: when dividing the powers of the same base, the exponents subtract. So,
. This can also be written as
, using the definition of the negative exponent:
(A base raised to a negative power is the reciprocal of the same base raised to a positive power.)
Now, we also have to take the exponent -1 of this result. This can be done by again using the rules exponents:
. Here, each factor inside the parenthesis is raised to the power of (-1).
So, the original expression simplifies as
.
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